Streamwise-body-force-model for rapid simulation combining internal and external flow fields

A streamwise-body-force-model (SBFM) is developed and applied in the overall flow simulation for the distributed propulsion system, combining internal and external flow fields. In view of axial stage effects, fan or compressor effects could be simplified as body forces along the streamline. These body forces which are functions of local parameters could be added as source terms in Navier-Stokes equations to replace solid boundary conditions of blades and hubs. The val-idation of SBFM with uniform inlet and distortion inlet of compressors shows that pressure perfor-mance characteristics agree well with experimental data. A three-dimensional simulation of the integration configuration, via a blended wing body aircraft with a distributed propulsion system using the SBFM, has been completed. Lift coefficient and drag coefficient agree well with wind tun-nel test results. Results show that to reach the goal of rapid integrated simulation combining inter-nal and external flow fields, the computational fluid dynamics method based on SBFM is reasonable.     

二氧化硅过渡层表面开口孔面积对层合玻璃力学性能影响

研究二氧化硅过渡层表面开口孔的大小对航空层合玻璃力学性能的影响.利用扫描电镜测试分析多孔二氧化硅过渡层的表面开口孔形貌,利用万能试验机测试含多孔二氧化硅过渡层的层合玻璃中无机玻璃/聚氨酯界面的剪切强度.以实验获得的开口孔形状为依据,以ANSYS软件建立含多孔二氧化硅过渡层的层合玻璃有限元实体模型,模拟获得不同孔面积条件下的多孔二氧化硅/聚氨酯界面的张应力.结果表明:随着多孔二氧化硅孔面积的增加,层合玻璃中无机玻璃/聚氨酯界面的剪切强度先迅速增大后缓慢降低;当单孔面积为52.61 μm2时,制备的层合玻璃有较好的力学性能.     

离散粗糙元诱发边界层转捩的实验研究

针对直升机转子叶片模型表面离散粗糙元诱发边界层转捩问题开展了实验研究,分析不同雷诺数下粗糙元尺寸参数对转捩位置的影响。实验在中航工业气动院直升机转子叶片模拟装置进行,在模型转子叶片表面布置不同尺寸的离散柱状粗糙元,利用红外热像技术探测边界层转捩,并提出一种基于湍流／层流区域面积比的转捩位置判定准则,目的是实现边界层转捩位置自动识别,进而分析粗糙元尺寸参数对转捩位置的影响。实验转速为300至600 r／m,对应叶尖切向速度为25～40 m／s。实现了对旋转叶片边界层转捩位置的定量测量,通过实验验证,转捩位置判定算法正确可靠,初步得到了不同高度 DRE 诱发转捩位置与雷诺数之间的关系,随着粗糙元高度的增加,转捩位置逐渐靠前。     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

边界层厚度对腔体气动声学特性影响数值模拟

为了研究来流边界层厚度对开式腔体气动声学特性的影响,基于分离涡模拟方法,计算了来流马赫数为2.0条件下,不同来流边界层厚度与腔体深度比时,长深比为5.88的腔体流动特性,得到了该腔体声压级的频谱特性.计算结果表明:随着来流边界层厚度增加,形成的剪切层稳定性增强,失稳后上下摆动幅度减少,失稳生成的大尺度涡与超声速主流的相互作用减弱,使得大尺度涡发展到腔体后缘时所具有的平动动能和转动动能降低.大尺度涡撞击腔体后缘在腔体内形成的气动噪声的声压级降低,最大减小幅度达7.5dB.同时各阶模态的频率也发生偏移,偏移值在100Hz左右.基于新的假设重新推导了Rossiter公式,明确了经验常数的物理意义,并以此解释了频率偏移现象.      

尾缘锯齿降低叶栅噪声的数值模拟

采用大涡模拟与声类比的方法研究了尾缘锯齿对涡轮叶栅噪声的影响.设计了两种不同的尾缘锯齿,对比了Re=3.3×105(基于叶片弦长与叶栅出口速度)下两种不同结构锯齿尾缘叶栅与直尾缘叶栅的声功率.结果表明:尾缘锯齿可以降低叶片吸力面边界层分离噪声约5dB,降低尾缘涡脱落噪声约10dB.进一步的研究表明,尾缘锯齿可以降低叶片尾缘附近表面的压力脉动幅值约50%,将展向相关尺度较大的涡破碎成展向相关尺度较小的涡,并消除尾缘脱落涡,这三者的综合作用使噪声得到降低.      

石英挠性加速度计在角度检测中的应用

随着科学技术的进步,角度检测在现代工业体系中占有重要地位.现有角度检测设备因其测量范围、测量精度和功耗等局限,而逐渐不能满足测量要求.采用石英挠性加速度计传感器、AD7734与ARM MCU组合而成的一种新型倾角测量仪,通过对石英挠性加速度计的电流信号进行调理和AD采集,以及对采集的数据进行滤波处理,解算出倾角,通过标准RS485通信接口将数据传输到PC机上显示.实验表明:在0°～ 30°角度测量范围内,该系统倾角测量精度可以达到±0.01 °,具有很好的工作稳定性.同时,该倾角测量仪具有体积小、精度高、重量轻、功耗低等优点,可广泛应用到桥梁架设、国防军事、地质勘探、土木工程、石油钻井、航空航天、航海、精密加工等领域.     

进气道喘振诱发因素及其可靠性分析

针对飞机进气道的典型故障-喘振的诱发因素进行全方位的分析论证，并为从事航空工程的人员提供一种对动力装置整体性能进行可靠性评估方案，篇末对世界上比较先进的进气道气动设计思想及其喘振机理进行分析，可以为飞机设计师在设计飞机过程中具体分析问题提供一定的参考。     

Calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils using viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method

A numerical procedure for the calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils in the time domain is presented. A viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method is taken to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic loads. In the present case the integral boundary layer equations are coupled with the Transonic Small Disturbance (TSD) Potential Equation. The coupling between structural motion and aerodynamic loads is carried out using State Space equation. It is solved by State Transition Matrix technique. Results are presented for NACA 64A010 and NLR 7301 airfoils with structural data from Isogai and DLR, respectively. Comparisons show good agreement with other numerical results. Certain deviations of experimental data taken from literature need more insight in the detailed test conditions.     

平板上钝缘舵在超声速绕流中的三维分离特性研究

对于平板上的直立钝缘舵在M_∞=1.79、2.04和2.50的条件下,研究了该平板干扰区中的三维分离特性。着重讨论了钝缘直径、舵面迎角和来流马赫数对主分离线位置和形状的影响。分析了该类三维分离在性态上更强地依赖于无粘流动特性。此外,还对分离区内的二次分离发展过程和形态进行了初步讨论。